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Disciplining CBDCs: Achieving the Balance between Privacy Protection and Central Bank Independence
Central bank digital currency (“CBDC”) is a crucial FinTech development that aspires to overhaul the current payment system. In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, CBDCs' promises to reduce personal contact, facilitate socially desirable use of…
Adequate Level of Data Protection and ADR in Cross-border Data Disputes — International Trade Law Perspective
Regulatory measures on cross-border data flows are essential to personal data protection laws. The General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) of the European Union (“EU”) is one of such influential personal data protection regimes, which has become…
The Arab Maghreb Union: Regionalization without integration
Implementing the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA):The Effects of Trade Procedures on trade flows
In January 2018, the 10th African Union (AU) Summit of African Heads of States and Governments was held in Kigali. At this occasion, 44 countries had signed the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) agreement. In this study, it is pointed out…
Convergence on e-commerce: the case of Argentina, Brazil and MERCOSUR
E-commerce is growing rapidly in Argentina and Brazil, and in both countries the share of the population participating in e-commerce transactions exceeds the Latin American average. Both countries have established a legal framework for data…