This paper examines how a country’s integration into global value chains (GVCs) influences its economic growth. GVCs have transformed international trade by shifting the focus from final goods to fragmented production networks across countries.…
This paper assesses the potential repercussions of US tariff policies on Pakistan's exports to the US. The imposition of a 19-percent tariff would result in an equivalent increase in costs for Pakistani exporters. Assuming this increase is passed…
This paper examines how artificial intelligence (AI), e-commerce, and digital trade are reshaping global trade systems and what these changes mean for Africa in general and particularly for Nigeria. These three elements now sit at the centre of…
The accelerated development of digital trade has emerged as a pivotal driver of international commerce and economic expansion, catalyzing structural transformations in global trade patterns and profound supply chain realignments while exerting novel…
Amidst an increasingly complex global economic landscape, the rapid expansion of digital trade has emerged as a vital growth engine for nations worldwide while simultaneously disrupting traditional international trade frameworks. Major developed…
With the increasingly prominent role of digital trade in international commerce, digital trade rules have become a focal point for nations worldwide. Currently, multilateral negotiations on digital trade rules are progressing slowly, prompting…