The finite nature of certain fossil fuels, which are essential inputs in production, imposes a substantial constraint on the economy's long-term growth potential. This paper develops an endogenous directed technical change model under uncertainty…
We use unique enterprise survey data to explore the export behavior of firms in Tunisia, a small, trade-dependent country with a complex policy environment regarding exporting. Firms may export directly or indirectly through intermediaries, and can…
The distributional outcomes of trade agreements have historically been uneven, creating both “losers” as well as “winners” and benefitting certain stakeholders while leaving others without benefits or even with negative repercussions. In particular…
Africa, while less impacted than other regions of the world, is still facing disastrous consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic. Unfortunately, African countries, especially those in French-speaking Africa, have provided less support to their…
AbstractThis study examines the impact of exports, imports, and trade openness on Namibia’s economic growth using the ARDL cointegration method. The results reveal a significant negative relationship between imports and economic growth, while…