When we proxy trade finance by the sum of trade finance loans and export-adjusted notes receivable, elasticity estimates range between 0.18-0.31 depending on the sample of exporters. These estimates are comparable to single and multi-instrument…
The automotive industry is one of the South African industries that contribute to the manufacturing output and exports and plays important to the country’s economic performance. However, the export volume from this industry depends on various…
Les efforts de convergence et d'intégration entrepris par les différentes communautés économiques régionales et les objectifs de la Zone de Libre Echange Continentale Africaine (ZLECAf) visent à créer un seul marché continental des biens et services…
Arab intra-regional trade in agro-food accounts for more than half of the total Arab agro-food trade, displaying strong “trade-intensity” over the past decade. This indicates the potential of developing agro-food regional production networks…
There is much literature to support the view that export-ers (both developed and developing countries) pay higherwages than nonexporters. While this so-called export wagepremium has also been found to be prevalent in SouthAfrica, it has not been…
BACKGROUND: Exporting poses a challenge to the achievement of inclusive growth because there is a discernible wage inequality between exporting and non-exporting firms. The literature shows that exporting firms pay a wage premium relative to non-…
Background: Namibia is an open economy where international trade accounts for a greater
proportion of gross domestic product (GDP). Openness of the Namibian economy for the
period 2010 to 2018 has been on average 111% of GDP. The high level of…