This article examines the relationship between transparency and legitimacy in investor–state dispute settlement (ISDS) jurisprudence, particularly in the context of Third-Party Funding (TPF). The initial section of the paper scrutinizes transparency…
The WTO is ambitiously negotiating rules on agriculture subsidies, fisheries subsidies and food security to achieve Sustainable Developmental Goals (SDGs) such as zero hunger, doubling agriculture productivity and preservation of marine resources.…
Todas las mercancías importadas tienen un valor que debe ser determinado en aduana. Esa estimación no debe constituir un obstáculo al comercio y, por tanto, la finalidad del Acuerdo sobre valoración aduanera de la OMC es establecer un sistema…
Resolving the crisis in the dispute settlement system is a priority issue for the reform of the World Trade Organization (WTO), and Members have made sustained efforts in this regard. Since the Twelfth Ministerial Conference (MC12), discussions on…
International arbitration institutions have been requested to administer an increasing number of investment disputes. In investment arbitration, a responding state usually stipulates its standing offers to arbitrate in the bilateral investment…