By the end of August 2023, 15 FTAs to which Vietnam is a party are still in effect, of which 4 are so-called new-generation FTAs. Having these treaty texts signed and ratified, i.e. having the law in books, is not enough; it is just the necessary…
The inclusion of sustainable development provisions in international investment agreements (IIAs) has proliferated. Compared with the initial purpose of investment protection, the creation of IIAs has been moving towards balancing the interest of…
The article analyzes the peculiarities of digital trade development and regulation in countries of Latin America and the Caribbean. It indicates regional initiatives for digital trade governance and main difficulties hindering the growth of cross-…
The experience of the MERCOSUR countries in shaping the agenda of the digital economy and trade is of particular interest for research: on the one hand, in view of the historically high level of non–tariff protection of domestic markets, on the…
This research paper explores the dynamic relationship between trade openness, financial development, and economic growth in Lesotho. The study utilizes quarterly time series data spanning from 1970 to 2021, obtained from the Central Bank of Lesotho…
This study disentangles the relationship between GVC participation and the technical efficiency of SMEs in Vietnam. We combine panel data obtained from the GSO Enterprise Census survey of SMEs in Vietnam including 567,866 enterprises observations…
In this article, the authors discuss Russia’s approach to coal in the context of the climate agenda and explain the reasons why Russia will not abandon coal mining in the next 20-30 years. These reasons include the demand in international markets (…