This paper examines how a country’s integration into global value chains (GVCs) influences its economic growth. GVCs have transformed international trade by shifting the focus from final goods to fragmented production networks across countries.…
This article examines the evolving integration of farming and livestock keeping in Kenya and Tanzania, and its impact on livelihoods, land use, food security, and the environment. It finds that “hybrid” agropastoral livelihoods, which blend these…
Over six decades (1961–2021), Tanzania's agriculture transformed significantly due to population growth, policy shifts, and climate variability. Agricultural land expanded by 52% and arable land by 160%, but rapid population growth (3.38% annually)…
Although currently limited, services trade holds great potential for Bangladesh, as services already make a major contribution to GDP and employment. Services represent an important alternative (in the longer term) or complement (in the shorter term…
Agro-pastoral conflicts remain a major concern in sub-Saharan Africa. This article examines the sources of agro-pastoral conflicts in Benin and evaluates the effectiveness of the politico-institutional measures. The evaluation focuses on multiple…
Amidst an increasingly complex global economic landscape, the rapid expansion of digital trade has emerged as a vital growth engine for nations worldwide while simultaneously disrupting traditional international trade frameworks. Major developed…
This paper explores the evolving concept and legal characteristics of international trade in services, emphasizing the growing importance of the service sector in the global economy. The study examines the challenges in defining “services” in legal…
In 2019, the European Union launched the European Green Deal; a project to make the EU a climate-neutral area. As part of this project the EU, in 2023, the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union approved the Regulation (EU) 2023/…