We estimate the impact of international standards certification on the export performance of firms in a developing economy using a unique panel data from Pakistan’s textile and apparel sector. To address endogeneity, we implement a novel…
This study examines China’s utilization of the Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective
Capabilities (CBDR-RC) Principle to justify its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris
Agreement. As the world’s largest…
This article examines the relationship between transparency and legitimacy in investor–state dispute settlement (ISDS) jurisprudence, particularly in the context of Third-Party Funding (TPF). The initial section of the paper scrutinizes transparency…
In 2019, the European Union launched the European Green Deal; a project to make the EU a climate-neutral area. As part of this project the EU, in 2023, the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union approved the Regulation (EU) 2023/…
Resolving the crisis in the dispute settlement system is a priority issue for the reform of the World Trade Organization (WTO), and Members have made sustained efforts in this regard. Since the Twelfth Ministerial Conference (MC12), discussions on…
Climate change is currently the cornerstone of environmental challenges. This work aims to clarify the checks and balances between governments and the public through the lens of green access rights enshrined in different legal bodies, as the Paris…
This chapter provides an overview of the growing influence of both labour standards and gender equality concerns in contemporary trade debates, and in particular how existing FTAs have increasingly accommodated both types of issues. In the following…